This reference guide is intended for writing theses and other written assignments at Hanken. The guide is based on the 7th edition of the American Psychological Association writing guide (hereafter called APA 7).
The guide presents examples of how to cite different types of sources. If you are citing a type of source not found in this guide, apply citation rules of a closely related type of source. You can also find help in the guides on which this guide is based. This guide does not offer help with questions related to language and style; check with guides that cover linguistic aspects of academic writing.
For technical presentation and layout of written assignments, see Hanken Formatting guide for academic texts.
The Oxford citation style is based on placing the in-text citations in footnotes, unlike APA7, which uses parenthesis in the text. If your instructor recommends using the Oxford citation system instead of APA7, you can find help at:
Note that the reference management tool Mendeley does not support the Oxford citation style. In that case, use the reference management tool Zotero instead.
American psychological association. (s.a.). 7th edition: Journal article reference checklist. https://apastyle.apa.org/instructional-aids/journal-article-reference-checklist.pdf
American psychological association (2020a). Concise guide to APA style: the official APA style guide for students. (7th edition). https://doi.org/10.1037/0000173-000
American psychological association (2020b). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association. (7th edition). https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000
Ellis, M. (06.07. 2023). How to cite ChatGPT and AI in APA format. [Blog post] Grammarly. https://www.grammarly.com/blog/ai-citations-apa/
Jönköping University (n.d.). University LibGuides: APA - referenshantering. https://guides.library.ju.se/apa
Karolinska Institutet, University library (2022). Reference guide for APA 7. https://kib.ki.se/en/write-cite/writing-references-apa-vancouver/reference-guides/reference-guide-apa-7
Karolinska institutet, Universitetsbiblioteket (2022). Referensguide för APA 7. https://kib.ki.se/skriva-referera/skriva-referenser-apa-vancouver/referensguider/referensguide-apa-7
Korpela, E. (19.3.2015). Lain nimessä. [Blog post]. Kielikuraattori. https://kielikuraattori.wordpress.com/tag/lakiin-viittaaminen/
Lee, C. (04.05.2017). What’s in a name? Two-part surnames in APA style [Blog post]. APA style blog. https://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2017/05/whats-in-a-name-two-part-surnames-in-apa-style.html
McAdoo, T. (February 2, 2024). How to cite ChatGPT [Blog post]. APA Style. https://apastyle.apa.org/blog/how-to-cite-chatgpt
Morningside University (2022). APA Citations (7th ed.). https://morningside.libguides.com/APA7
Svenska handelshögskolan (n.d.). Reference guide. http://blogg.hanken.fi/referensguide/en/about-the-reference-guide/
Umeå University Library. (2024). Writing references. https://www.umu.se/en/library/search-write-study/writing-references/
Uppsala University. (2024). Cite using APA: ChatGPT and other generative AI. https://libguides-en.ub.uu.se/apa7/generative-ai